備註請放最後面 違者新聞文章刪除 1.媒體來源: 外媒 iflscience 2.記者署名: Tom Hale 3.完整新聞標題: Monkeys In Gibraltar Have Learned To Eat Soil To Cope With Their Human Junk Food Problem Soil may ease the macaques' dirty habit. 直布羅陀的猴子學會了吃土來應對人類的垃圾食物問題 土壤或許能改善獼猴的髒亂習慣 4.完整新聞內文: Monkeys In Gibraltar Have Learned To Eat Soil To Cope With Their Human Junk Food Problem Soil may ease the macaques' dirty habit. Tom Hale headshot Tom Hale Tom has a Master's degree in Journalism. His editorial work covers anything from archaeology and the environment to technology and culture.View full profile Edited by Tom Leslie Once you pop, you just can't stop: A macaque on the Rock of Gibraltar clutches a tube of crisps. Image credit: Martin Nicourt/Gibraltar Macaques Project An unsavory food fad has emerged among macaques living on the Rock of Gibraltar in the Mediterranean. Scientists have noticed the troop has started to intentionally eat soil, perhaps to soothe their stomachs after eating overly sweet and salty junk food left by tourists. Around 230 Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) live in Gibraltar, a tiny British Overseas Territory perched on Spain’s southern coast. Known for their cheeky and often raucous behavior, the monkeys frequently approach holidaymakers and hustle them for food. But their taste for tourists' snacks is taking a toll. Researchers at the University of Cambridge observed a population of macaques living across the Rock of Gibraltar between summer 2022 and spring 2024. Over 98 observation days, they recorded 44 different macaques eating soil (video below). 直布羅陀的猴子學會了吃土來應對人類的垃圾食物問題 土壤或許能改善獼猴的髒亂習慣。 湯姆·黑爾頭像 湯姆·黑爾 湯姆擁有新聞學碩士學位。他的編輯工作涵蓋考古、環境、科技和文化等各個領域。查看 完整個人資料 已編輯 經過 湯姆·萊斯利 一旦你開始吃，就停不下來：一隻獼猴在直布羅陀岩上緊緊抓著一管薯片。 圖片來源：Martin Nicourt/直布羅陀獼猴專案 一個生活在地中海直布羅陀岩上的獼猴出現了一種令人不快的飲食習慣。科學家注意到， 這群獼猴開始有意識地吃土，可能是為了緩解食用遊客留下的過甜過鹹的垃圾食物後引起 的腸胃不適。 大約有230隻巴巴里獼猴（Macaca sylvanus）生活在直布羅陀，這個位於西班牙南部海岸 的英國海外領地面積很小。這些猴子以其頑皮和喧鬧的行為而聞名，它們經常接近度假者 並向他們討要食物。 但它們對遊客零食的嗜好正在造成傷害。劍橋大學的研究人員在2022年夏季至2024年春季 期間，對生活在直布羅陀岩上的獼猴族群進行了觀察。在98個觀察日中，他們記錄到44隻 不同的獼猴在吃土（影片如下）。 https://youtu.be/TAkvcJQwQH8 Significantly, monkeys living in areas with heavier tourist traffic, such as the top of the Rock, ate far more dirt than those in quieter spots. Likewise, dirt-eating rates peaked during the holiday period and decreased during the slow season. A Gibraltar macaque eating M&Ms, while seemingly checking the packet for nutritional information. Image credit: Martin Nicourt/Gibraltar Macaques Project This led the team to wonder whether the soil-eating was related to changes in their diet. The monkeys are known to scavenge food from humans, especially high-calorie foods like ice cream, biscuits, chocolate, and potato chips. The soil, they argue, might quell the negative impacts of junk food. “We postulate that junk food may be hard to digest and cause microbiome disruptions, which can be buffered with the soil, but this remains to be tested,” Sylvain Lemoine at the University of Cambridge told IFLScience. 值得注意的是，生活在遊客較多區域（例如巨岩頂部）的猴子比生活在人煙稀少區域的猴 子吃的土要多得多。同樣，猴子吃土的頻率在假日期間達到高峰，在淡季期間則有所下降 。 一隻直布羅陀獼猴正在吃M&M巧克力豆，似乎還在檢查包裝上的營養成分表。 圖片來源：Martin Nicourt/直布羅陀獼猴專案 這讓研究團隊開始思考，猴子吃土的行為是否與它們的飲食習慣改變有關。眾所周知，猴 子會從人類身上覓食，尤其是冰淇淋、餅乾、巧克力和薯片等高熱量食物。他們認為，吃 土或許可以減輕垃圾食物帶來的負面影響。 「我們推測垃圾食物可能難以消化，並導致微生物群紊亂，而土壤可以起到緩衝作用，但 這仍有待檢驗，」劍橋大學的西爾萬·勒莫因告訴 IFLScience。 “We have not conducted chemical and mineralogical analyses of soil, so we don't know yet what could be the properties and thus effects on the digestive tract. However, the main type of soil consumed – red soil, terra rossa – is known to be high in clay and iron. Clay is known to buffer stomach pH and to bind to toxins, so it may have a similar effect,” he added. The monkeys didn't pick up this habit off their own back. The researchers believe it is an example of socially learned behavior passed on through cultural transmission, as different troops show preferences for certain types of soil. The trend has also emerged too quickly to be the product of biological or genetic change. Similar behavior is probably playing out in primate populations all over the world that live in close contact with humans. Take bonnet macaques in India's cities, which have learned to pry open soda bottle caps, or the long-tailed macaques in Bali that have figured out how to steal tourists' belongings and barter them back in exchange for food. All of this highlights just how adaptable primates – whether they're hungry macaques or humans – can be when their environment radically changes around them. “As in humans, animal cultures transmitted via social learning can allow a quicker adaptation than biological and genetic changes,” explained Lemoine. “This exemplifies the adaptation potential of these species, due to their behavioral flexibility facilitated by social learning, and indeed gives us insights into how fast these primates can adapt to changing environments,” he concluded. The new study is published in the journal Scientific Reports. 「我們尚未對土壤進行化學和礦物學分析，因此目前尚不清楚其特性以及對消化道的影響 。然而，已知他們主要食用的土壤類型—紅壤（terra rossa）—富含粘土和鐵。粘 土具有緩衝胃部pH值和結合毒素的作用，因此可能對消化道產生類似的影響。」他補充道 。 這些猴子並非自發性地習得這種習慣。研究人員認為，這是一種透過文化傳承而形成的社 會學習行為，因為不同的猴群對特定類型的土壤表現出偏好。此外，這種趨勢出現得如此 之快，也不可能是生物或基因變化的結果。 類似的行為可能在世界各地與人類密切接觸的靈長類動物族群中都有發生。例如，印度城 市的恒河猴已經學會了撬開汽水瓶蓋；巴厘島的長尾獼猴則學會了偷竊遊客的財物，並用 它們換取食物。 這一切都突顯了靈長類動物（無論是飢餓的獼猴或人類）在周圍環境發生劇烈變化時所展 現出的適應能力。 「就像人類一樣，透過社會學習傳播的動物文化可以比生物和基因變化更快地適應環境， 」勒莫因解釋。 他總結道：“這體現了這些物種的適應潛力，這得益於它們通過社會學習而獲得的行為靈 活性，也確實讓我們深入了解了這些靈長類動物適應不斷變化的環境的速度。” 這項新研究發表在《科學報告》雜誌。 5.完整新聞連結 (或短網址)不可用YAHOO、LINE、MSN等轉載媒體: https://reurl.cc/N2Y3Q5 6.備註: 歐洲怎麼這麼不景氣？連猴子到月底都得吃土 -- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m-QXmqX7k8Q 劉德華 悟 電影【新少林寺】主題曲 https://youtu.be/dLRLWy7bKS4 作曲：趙欽 作詞：劉德華 《金剛總持祈請文》 編曲：Adam Lee．飾墜．陳德建 蔣巴桑波 (第七世噶瑪巴確扎嘉措之根本上師) 著 監製：陳德建．李安修 不要把金王冠織入鳥巢中 招惹微風與獵槍是不明智的 依常斷見所立宗 能壞慧命因緣法 精勤十善一夜盡 縱生天人多闡提 -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 1.34.17.2 (臺灣) ※ 文章網址: https://webptt.cc/bbs/Gossiping/M.1776912494.A.191.html