備註請放最後面 違者新聞文章刪除 1.媒體來源: 外媒 phys.org 2.記者署名: Ahmed Helal 3.完整新聞標題: I've fired one of America's most powerful lasers—here's what a shot day looks like 我試射過美國最強大的雷射砲 (ゝ∀･)—以下是射擊日的景象 4.完整新聞內文: I've fired one of America's most powerful lasers—here's what a shot day looks like 我試射過美國最強大的雷射砲 (ゝ∀･)—以下是射擊日的景象 by Ahmed Helal, The Conversation edited by Lisa Lock, reviewed by Andrew Zinin 作者：艾哈邁德‧赫拉爾，《對話》 由麗莎·洛克 編輯 ，安德魯·齊寧審閱 https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/hires/2026/ive-fired-one-of-ameri.jpg Inside a laser clean room. The beam is contained within the blue pipe. Credit: Ahmed Helal 雷射潔淨室內部。光束被限制在藍色管道內。圖片來源：艾哈邁德·赫拉爾 If you walk across the open yard in front of the Physics, Math and Astronomy building at the University of Texas at Austin, you'll see a 17-story tower and a huge L-shaped building. What you won't see is what's underneath you. Two floors below ground, behind heavy double doors stamped with a logo that most students have never noticed, sits one of the most powerful lasers in the United States. I was the lead laser scientist on the Texas Petawatt, or TPW as we called it, from 2020 to 2024. Texas Petawatt, which is currently closed due to funding cuts, was a government-funded research center where scientists from across the country applied for time to use specialized equipment. It was part of LaserNetUS, a Department of Energy network of high-power laser labs. This type of laser takes a tiny pulse of light, stretches it out so it doesn't blast optics to pieces, and amplifies it until, for a brief instant, it carries more power than the entire U.S. electrical grid. Then it compresses the pulse back to a trillionth of a second to create a star in a vacuum chamber. 如果你穿過德州大學奧斯汀分校物理、數學和天文系大樓前的空地，你會看到一座17層樓 高的塔樓和一座巨大的L形建築。但你看不到的是你的腳下。在地下兩層，一扇厚重的雙 扇門後，門上印著一個大多數學生從未註意到的標誌，那裡靜靜地躺著美國最強大的雷射 之一。 從2020年到2024年，我擔任德州拍瓦雷射裝置（簡稱TPW）的首席雷射科學家。 TPW目前 因經費削減而關閉，它曾是一個政府資助的研究中心，來自全國各地的科學家都可以申請 使用其專業設備。 TPW是美國能源部下屬的高功率雷射實驗室網路－雷射網路（ LaserNetUS）的一部分。 這種雷射器接收一束微弱的光脈衝，將其拉長以避免損壞光學元件，並不斷放大，使其在 短暫的一瞬間所攜帶的能量超過整個美國電網的功率。然後，它將脈衝壓縮回萬億分之一 秒，在真空室中製造出一顆恆星。 On a typical shot day, the target might be a piece of metal foil thinner than a human hair, a jet of gas or a tiny plastic pellet—each designed to answer a different scientific question. Scientists from across the country applied for time on TPW to study everything from the physics of stellar interiors and fusion energy to new approaches for cancer treatment. Most people hear about petawatt lasers and picture something out of a movie. A "shot day" is actually hours of quiet, repetitive work followed by about 10 seconds where nobody breathes. 在典型的射擊日，目標可能是比頭髮絲還細的金屬箔片、一股氣體噴射流或一顆微小的塑 膠彈丸—每一種都是為了回答不同的科學問題而設計的。 來自全國各地的科學家申請在 TPW 上進行實驗，研究內容涵蓋從恆星內部物理和聚變能 源到癌症治療新方法等各個方面。 大多數人一聽到拍瓦雷射器，腦海中浮現的都是電影裡的場景。但實際上，一天的拍攝工 作意味著幾個小時安靜而重複的工作，之後大約是10秒鐘的喘息時間。 I now work as a research scientist at the University of Texas-Austin, studying the interaction of lasers with different materials, but a typical shot day during my time running TPW would look like this: 7 a.m. I arrive two hours before the first scheduled shot. I put on my gown, boots and hairnet and step into the cold clean room. The laser doesn't just turn on. You coax it awake. I start with the oscillator, a small box that generates the first seed of light. I write down the parameters that define how the laser will behave during the shot: energy, center frequency, vacuum pressure in the tubes, cooling water level and flow. At this stage, they are fixed regardless of the experiment. The laser must perform the same way every time before the science can begin. Then I fire up the pump laser that will amplify this tiny pulse from nanojoules to about half a joule. 我現在在德州大學奧斯汀分校擔任研究科學家，研究雷射與不同材料的相互作用，但我在 經營 TPW 期間的典型拍攝日大概是這樣的： 早上7點 我提前兩小時到達，準備進行第一發射擊。我穿上防護衣、靴子和髮網，走進冰冷的無塵 室。雷射不會自動啟動，你需要耐心地「喚醒」它。 我先從振盪器入手，這是一個產生第一束光的微型裝置。我記下決定雷射在脈衝期間行為 的參數：能量、中心頻率、真空管內的壓力、冷卻水的液位和流量。在這個階段，這些參 數是固定的，與實驗無關。在科學實驗開始之前，雷射必須每次都以相同的方式運作。然 後，我啟動泵浦雷射，它會將這個微弱的脈衝從納焦耳級放大到大約半焦耳級。 https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800a/2026/ive-fired-one-of-ameri-1.jpg The system needs at least 30 minutes to stabilize. During that time, I check alignment through every pinhole and every camera along the beam path. A slight misalignment at this stage isn't just a problem; it can be catastrophic —a mispointed beam at full power can burn through optics that take months to source and replace, setting the entire laser back. Building the beam Once the system is warmed up, I send the beam into the first amplifier: a glass rod surrounded by bright flash lamps that pump light into the glass— like charging a battery. With each pass, the beam absorbs energy from the glass and grows stronger. Then the beam travels into a larger rod, where it makes four passes, picking up more energy each time until it reaches about 12 joules, roughly the energy of a ball thrown hard across a room. This process alone takes the better part of an hour, most of it spent checking and confirming alignment and energy at each stage. I expand the beam and send it through the final stage: the disk amplifiers. Two amplifiers, each consisting of two massive 30-centimeter glass disks, are pumped by a huge bank of flash lamps powered by capacitor banks—essentially giant batteries that store electrical energy and release it in a sudden burst. They are so large that they have their own room on a separate floor. Fast optical shutters between each stage act as gates, controlling exactly when and where the beam travels. 系統至少需要 30 分鐘才能穩定。在此期間，我會檢查光束路徑上每個針孔和每個攝影機 的對準情況。在這個階段，即使是輕微的偏差都不僅僅是個問題；它可能會造成災難性的 後果—全功率下，偏離中心的光束會燒毀光學元件，而這些元件的採購和更換需要數月 時間，這將使整個激光器的研發工作付諸東流。 建構光束柱 系統預熱完成後，我將光束送入第一個擴大機：一根玻璃棒，周圍環繞著明亮的閃光燈， 這些閃光燈會向玻璃棒內注入光線—就像為電池充電一樣。光束每次穿過玻璃棒，都會 吸收能量並增強。然後，光束進入一根更大的玻璃棒，在那裡它又穿過四次，每次都吸收 更多能量，直到達到約 12 焦耳，這大致相當於一個球用力扔過房間的能量。 光是這個過程就需要將近一個小時，大部分時間都花在檢查和確認每個階段的對齊和能量 。 我將光束擴展並送入最後一級：圓盤放大器。兩台放大器，每台都由兩個巨大的30厘米玻 璃圓盤組成，由一組由電容器組供電的大型閃光燈組驅動—本質上是巨型電池，可以儲 存電能並在瞬間釋放。它們體積龐大，需要單獨樓層的獨立房間才能容納。每級之間的高 速光學快門如同閘門，精確控制光束的傳播時間與方向。 The shot When the experimental team confirms that the target is in position, it asks me to prepare for a system shot. I run through the long checklist. We test the shutters and switch to system shot mode. Every monitor in the facility changes to display the same message—"System Shot Mode"—and flashes red. I lean into the microphone at the control desk, a vintage piece that looks like it belongs in a World War II radio room, and announce that we're going into a system shot. Then I open the compressor beam dump: a heavy glass plate that normally blocks the beam from reaching the target. It takes about two minutes to move. "Sweeping, sweeping for a system shot." The announcement goes out over speakers across the facility. I grab a small interlock key, put on my laser safety goggles and head downstairs. I walk a specific pattern through every room, checking that nobody is still inside. As I go, I lock each door with the key. If anyone opens one of those doors after I've locked them, the entire shot sequence aborts. Back in the control room, I sit down and start charging the capacitor banks. At this point, there's no going back except for an emergency shutdown, and that means losing the shot and waiting for everything to cool down. 鏡頭 實驗團隊確認目標位置無誤後，請我準備進行系統拍攝。我逐項檢查了一遍清單。我們測 試了快門，然後切換到系統拍攝模式。實驗室裡的所有顯示器都顯示相同的資訊—「系 統拍攝模式」—並閃爍紅燈。 我靠近控制台前的麥克風—那是一件老式設備，看起來像是二戰時期無線電室裡的— 宣布我們要進入系統拍攝階段。然後我打開壓縮光束阻擋器：一塊厚重的玻璃板，通常會 阻擋光束到達目標。移動它大約需要兩分鐘。 “清場，清場，為了拍攝系統鏡頭。” 整個設施的廣播系統響起了通知。我抓起一把小型連鎖鑰匙，戴上雷射防護眼鏡，下樓。 我按照既定路線巡視每個房間，確認裡面沒有人。每巡視完一個房間，我就用鑰匙鎖上門 。如果有人在我鎖門後打開其中任何一扇門，整個拍攝流程就會中止。 回到控制室，我坐下來開始為電容器組充電。此時除了緊急關機外，別無他法，而緊急關 機意味著放棄拍攝，只能等待一切冷卻下來。 "Charging." The room goes silent. Everyone's eyes are on the monitors. Nobody talks. I typically will share a glance with the researcher whose project the shot is for—today it's Joe, a visiting scientist from Los Alamos National Lab, who designed the target we're about to vaporize. He's gripping his coffee cup like it owes him money. I turn back to the console. "Charge complete. Firing system shot in three, two, one. Fire." I press the button. A loud thud rolls through the building as all that stored energy dumps into the beam. The monitors freeze, capturing everything at the moment of the shot: beam profiles, spectra, diagnostics—these metrics provide a full picture of exactly how the laser performed and whether the shot was clean. Downstairs, in the vacuum chamber, a spot smaller than a human hair just reached temperatures measured in millions of degrees. I lean back in my chair and start recording laser parameters as everyone exhales. A radiation safety officer heads down first to check readings around the target chamber before anyone else can enter. The experimental team follows to collect data. Sometimes it all works perfectly. Sometimes a shutter fails to open and you lose the shot. 填充電能 房間裡一片寂靜。所有人的目光都集中在監視器上。沒有人說話。 我通常會和負責拍攝計畫的研究人員交換一個眼神——今天是喬，一位來自洛斯阿拉莫斯 國家實驗室的訪問科學家，他設計了我們即將汽化的標靶。他緊緊握著咖啡杯，彷彿它欠 了他錢似的。我轉過身，繼續操作控制台。 “充能完畢。發射系統三、二、一，開火。” 我按下按鈕。一聲巨響響徹整棟大樓，所有儲存的能量瞬間傾瀉到光束中。監視器畫面定 格，記錄發射瞬間的一切：光束輪廓、光譜、診斷數據——這些指標全面展現了雷射的性 能，以及發射是否成功。樓下，在真空室裡，一個比頭髮絲還細的小光斑溫度飆升至數百 萬度。 我向後靠在椅子上，開始記錄雷射參數，大家也都鬆了一口氣。一名輻射安全員率先下去 檢查靶室周圍的讀數，之後其他人才能進入。實驗團隊隨後跟進收集數據。 有時候一切都很順利。有時候快門會失靈，讓你錯失拍攝良機。 For example, one afternoon in 2023, we'd spent three hours preparing for a high-priority shot. Target aligned. Capacitors charged. I pressed the button and heard nothing. A shutter had failed somewhere in the chain. The monitors stayed frozen, showing black. Nobody said anything. I wrote SHOT FAILED in the logbook and started the hourlong cooldown sequence. That's the part they don't show in movies: sitting in silence, waiting to try again. We got the shot four hours later. This anticipation is all part of the job: hours of patience for 10 seconds you never quite get used to. Everything happens underneath a campus where thousands of people walk above, unaware that for a fraction of a second, a tiny point of matter hotter than the surface of the sun just existed below their feet. 例如，2023 年的一個下午，我們花了三個小時準備一個高優先順序的拍攝。目標已對準 ，電容器已充電。我按下快門，卻什麼也沒聽到。快門鏈中的某一環節出了故障。監視器 螢幕一片漆黑，紋絲不動。沒有人說話。我在拍攝日誌上寫下“拍攝失敗”，然後開始了 長達一小時的冷卻程序。電影裡不會展現的就是這一幕：靜靜地坐著，等待再次嘗試。四 個小時後，我們終於拍了照片。 這種期待感是工作的一部分：為了那短短的十秒鐘，你需要耐心等待數小時，而你永遠無 法完全習慣。一切都發生在校園下方，成千上萬的人在上面行走，渾然不知就在一瞬間， 一個比太陽表面溫度還要高的微小物質點就存在於他們腳下。 5.完整新聞連結 (或短網址)不可用YAHOO、LINE、MSN等轉載媒體: https://phys.org/news/2026-04-ive-america-powerful-lasers-shot.html 6.備註: https://youtu.be/KnQT2sbPJD4 我的夢想清單果然還是被別人實現了(′_ゝ`) https://youtu.be/YNyNG2MNmOE https://youtu.be/jE_TMhAAsYc -- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m-QXmqX7k8Q 劉德華 悟 電影【新少林寺】主題曲 https://youtu.be/dLRLWy7bKS4 作曲：趙欽 作詞：劉德華 《金剛總持祈請文》 編曲：Adam Lee．飾墜．陳德建 蔣巴桑波 (第七世噶瑪巴確扎嘉措之根本上師) 著 監製：陳德建．李安修 不要把金王冠織入鳥巢中 招惹微風與獵槍是不明智的 依常斷見所立宗 能壞慧命因緣法 精勤十善一夜盡 縱生天人多闡提 -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 1.34.17.2 (臺灣) ※ 文章網址: https://webptt.cc/bbs/Gossiping/M.1776741751.A.A60.html